In detention processes, runoff is only temporarily stored until it is cast out to an off-site area, such as a storm drain, pond, or wetland. In underground retention systems, the chambers capture, filter and hold the stormwater until it is infiltrated into the ground. Retention is the process through which stormwater is stored without subsequent surface discharge. Retention and detention systems are two distinct methodologies typically used to control stormwater, even though the terms are sometimes used interchangeably in stormwater discussions. Thus, subsurface chambers can be used both to retain and detain stormwater on-site. Underground storage chambers discussed here are typically made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and are capable of capturing high-volume runoff and infiltrating it into the ground or retaining it for later release.
They include above-ground BMPs such as wetlands, ponds and swales, and underground BMPs, such as retention tanks, tunnels, vaults, pipes and storage chambers. Stormwater BMPs are methods determined by the EPA to be the most effective and practical means of reducing the quantity and improving the quality of stormwater runoff. 1251 et seq.) In relation to stormwater management, the CWA requires that a certain percentage of stormwater runoff be contained and treated on-site to prevent contamination of public water supplies and treatment facilities. Further amended in 1977, this law, now known as the Clean Water Act (CWA), aims to “restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters.” (33 U.S.C. The Federal Water Pollution Act Amendment was implemented in 1972 to address the public’s growing awareness and concern over water pollution. One such practice comprises a subsurface retention/detention infiltration and storage chamber system that collects, stores, treats and releases stormwater. The Environmental Protection Agency requires every commercial building project to employ certain best management practices (BMPs) to control stormwater and protect water resources. Commercial land development and urbanization processes increase the number of impervious surfaces - such as roofs, parking lots, sidewalks and driveways - in the nation’s watersheds, resulting in a greater volume and rate of runoff as well as higher concentrations of pollutants in the runoff. As water quality and public health concerns continue to grow, so does the importance of proper stormwater control. Every commercial development project must address stormwater management issues.
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